Validating Whole Slide Imaging Systems for Diagnostic Purposes in Pathology
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Guideline Update From the College of American Pathologists in Collaboration With the American Society for Clinical Pathology and the Association for Pathology Informatics
Andrew J. Evans, MD, PhD; Richard W. Brown, MD; Marilyn M. Bui, MD, PhD; Elizabeth A. Chlipala, BS, HTL(ASCP)QIHC; Christina Lacchetti, MHSc; Danny A. Milner Jr, MD, MSc(Epi), MBA; Liron Pantanowitz, MD; Anil V. Parwani, MD, PhD; Kearin Reid, MLIS, MT(ASCP); Michael W. Riben, MD; Victor E. Reuter, MD; Lisa Stephens, MBA, HTLA(ASCP)CM; Rachel L. Stewart, DO, PhD; Nicole E. Thomas, MPH, CT(ASCP)CM
Context.—The original guideline, ‘‘Validating Whole Slide Imaging for Diagnostic Purposes in Pathology,’’ was published in 2013 and included 12 guideline statements. The College of American Pathologists convened an expert panel to update the guideline following standards estab- lished by the National Academies of Medicine for developing trustworthy clinical practice guidelines.
Objective.—To assess evidence published since the release of the original guideline and provide updated recommendations for validating whole slide imaging (WSI) systems used for diagnostic purposes.
Design.—An expert panel performed a systematic review of the literature. Frozen sections, anatomic pathology specimens (biopsies, curettings, and resections), and hematopathology cases were included. Cytology cases were excluded. Using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach, the panel reassessed and updated the original guideline recommendations.
Results.—Three strong recommendations and 9 good practice statements are offered to assist laboratories with validating WSI digital pathology systems.
Conclusions.—Systematic review of literature following release of the 2013 guideline reaffirms the use of a validation set of at least 60 cases, establishing intra- observer diagnostic concordance between WSI and glass slides and the use of a 2-week washout period between modalities. Although all discordances between WSI and glass slide diagnoses discovered during validation need to be reconciled, laboratories should be particularly con- cerned if their overall WSI–glass slide concordance is less than 95%.